Fecha desde campo Varchar a campo datetime con insert

[huesos52]

Mira te dejo todo el procedimiento con tu ejemplo.
Espero te sirva.

Código mysql:

mysql> create table tablatemporal(fx_presencial varchar(50));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
 
mysql> insert into tablatemporal values('20/02/2001 19:00:00'
    -> );
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> insert into tablatemporal values('20/02/2001 19:00:00');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> insert into tablatemporal values('20/02/2001 19:00:00');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> insert into tablatemporal values('20/02/2001 19:00:00');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> insert into tablatemporal values('20/02/2001 19:00:00');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select *from tablatemporal;
+---------------------+
| fx_presencial       |
+---------------------+
| 20/02/2001 19:00:00 |
| 20/02/2001 19:00:00 |
| 20/02/2001 19:00:00 |
| 20/02/2001 19:00:00 |
| 20/02/2001 19:00:00 |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> create table tblfiltro(fx_presencial date);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> alter table tblfiltro modify fx_presencial datetime;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
mysql> insert into tblfiltro select str_to_date(fx_presencial,'%d/%m/%Y %H:%i:%s') from tablatemporal;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
mysql> select *from tblfiltro;
+---------------------+
| fx_presencial       |
+---------------------+
| 2001-02-20 19:00:00 |
| 2001-02-20 19:00:00 |
| 2001-02-20 19:00:00 |
| 2001-02-20 19:00:00 |
| 2001-02-20 19:00:00 |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>
 

Con el alter table modifico el tipo de campo de date a datetime.

Creo que es lo que necesitas.