EDITADO... MODERA TU LENGUAJE Y DEJA LAS PALABROTAS POR TU LADO POR FAVOR. mas tonta!!!!!! , seguro que se nos escapa algun detalle,
de tu PRIMERA INSTALACION, que muestras la salida del " lspci ", - de la instalacion con firmware incluido no lo muestras -, veo :
Cita: 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8131 Gigabit Ethernet (rev c0)
03:01.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. RT2760 Wireless 802.11n 1T/2R
y no te reconoce ni cable ni wiffi ?
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De la pagina ===>
https://wiki.debian.org/rt2860sta encontre esta explicacion para RALINK
Wheezy
The Ralink staging drivers were disabled at linux-2.6 2.6.35-1~experimental.3 and removed at Linux 3.0. See rt2800pci for device support.
Known Issues
The rt2860sta driver may currently (as at 2008-11-29) be
pretty buggy, but it works well when handled with care.
There is an issue in Debian-packaged kernels 2.6.30 and 2.6.31 in which the firmware is not properly reloaded on resuming from suspend. This will, later,
cause a panic, most likely during shutdown. This is currently being worked on.
--------------------------- indica como instalar en -->
https://wiki.debian.org/rt2800pci
Installation
Debian 7 "Wheezy"
Cita: 1-
Add a "non-free" component to etc/apt/sources.list
# vi /etc/apt/sources.list
deb
http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free
2-
Update the list of available packages and install the firmware-ralink package: # apt-get update && apt-get install firmware-ralink
# reboot
3-
The rt2800pci kernel module is automatically loaded for supported devices. Configure your wireless interface as appropriate.
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Para ATHEROS
The AR8161 is a very new combined
Ethernet/Bluetooth controller and its driver alx is in the testing/QA process, so it's not in the kernel yet.
lo unico claro que encontre esta aqui --->
http://www.ubuntu-es.org/node/180739#.UuaKnz2CGlF
y menciona:
Descarga
este paquete y luego desde un terminal:
************* el escrito menciona otro, pero este es el mas reciente ***********************
Quizas necesites antes instalar
los headers Cita: # apt-get update
# apt-get -y upgrade
# apt-get -y install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
Cita: $ tar -xvfj compat-wireless-2012-12-18-p.tar
$ cd compat-wireless-2012-12-18-p
$ scripts/driver-select alx
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ sudo modprobe alx
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Espero puedas soluciona el problema.