Automatas

[Jorgemen]

El siguiente código resuleve automátas, esta es una forma de resolución de problemas por medio de patrones, por ejemplo el código resuleve por medio de patrones si un año es bisiesto o no, esto es facil con la programación comuún, pero con automatas tienes qeu encontrar un patron que te permita construir tu diagrama de estados y luego recién codificar, si desean más información aqui les doy un link donde se pueden descargar un libro muy bueno...

http://lizt.mty.itesm.mx/~rbrena/AyL.html

Código PHP:

  // para monomio 
function verificarMonomio($edValor) 
        { 
                $es=false;        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='+')||($c=='-')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=1; 
                            } 
                            elseif($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=9; 
                            break; 
                        case 1:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            elseif(($c==',')||($c=='.')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=3; 
                            } 
                            elseif($this->esLetra($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 3:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=10; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 4:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esLetra($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            {     
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 10:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=11; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 11:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esLetra($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 5:     
                            if($longitud==$delantero) 
                            { 
                                $es=true; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                                $delantero++; 
                                if ($c=='^') 
                                { 
                                    $estado=6; 
                                } 
                                elseif ($this->esLetra($c)) 
                                { 
                                    $estado=5; 
                                } 
                                else  
                                { 
                                    $estado=9; 
                                } 
                            } 
                             
                            break; 
                        case 6:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='+')||($c=='-')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=7; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=8; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                             
                            break; 
                        case 7:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=8; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                             
                            break; 
                        case 8:     
                            if($longitud==$delantero) 
                            { 
                                $es=true; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                                $delantero++; 
                                if ($this->esLetra($c)) 
                                { 
                                    $estado=5; 
                                } 
                                elseif ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                                { 
                                    $estado=8; 
                                } 
                                else  
                                { 
                                    $estado=9; 
                                } 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 9:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarFraccion()  
   

[Jorgemen]

Código PHP:

  function verificarFraccion($edValor) 
        { 
                $es=false;        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='+')||($c=='-')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=1; 
                            } 
                            elseif($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=5; 
                            break; 
                        case 1:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            elseif($c=='/')  
                            { 
                                $estado=3; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 3:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            elseif(($c=='+')||($c=='-')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=6; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 6:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 4:     
                            if($longitud==$delantero) 
                            { 
                                $es=true; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                                $delantero++; 
                                if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                                { 
                                    $estado=4; 
                                } 
                                else 
                                { 
                                    $estado=5; 
                                } 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 5:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarFraccion()  
   

[Jorgemen]

Código PHP:

  function verificarHora($edValor) 
        { 
                $es=false;        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            elseif($c=='2') 
                            { 
                                $estado=3; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 3:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 4:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c==':') 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 5:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')) 
                            {     
                                $estado=6; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 6:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=7; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 7:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c==':') 
                            { 
                                $estado=8; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 8:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')) 
                            {     
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 9:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=10; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=11; 
                            break; 
                        case 10:     
                            if($delantero==$longitud) 
                            { 
                                $es=true; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=11; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 11:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarHora()  
   

[Jorgemen]

Código PHP:

  function verificarNumero($edValor) 
        { 
                $es=false;        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if(($c=='0')&&($longitud==$delantero)) 
                            { 
                                $es=true; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='+') 
                            {     
                                $estado=3; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=1; 
                            }                     
                            else  
                                $estado=2; 
                            break; 
                        case 3:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            if(($c=='0')&&($longitud==$delantero)) 
                            { 
                                $es=true; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($this->esDigitoNoCero($c)) 
                            {     
                                $estado=1; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=2; 
                            break; 
                        case 1:    //if longitud es igual a 1 no se actualiza $c     
                            if($longitud>1)         
                            {     
                                $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                                $delantero++; 
                            } 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                if($delantero==$longitud) 
                                { 
                                    $es=true; 
                                    $salir=true; 
                                } 
                                else 
                                { 
                                    $estado=1; 
                                } 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=2; 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarNumero() 
         
    // 
    //    función automata para verificar variable --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    // 
        function verificarVariable($edValor) 
        { 
                $es=false;        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esLetra($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=1; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=2; 
                            break; 
                        case 1:     
                            if($longitud>1)         
                            {     
                                $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                                $delantero++; 
                            } 
                            if (($this->esLetra($c))||($c=='_')||($this->esDigito($c))) 
                            { 
                                if($delantero==$longitud) 
                                { 
                                    $es=true; 
                                    $salir=true; 
                                } 
                                else 
                                { 
                                    $estado=1; 
                                } 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarVariable()  
   

[Jorgemen]

Código PHP:

  function verificarBisiesto($edValor) 
        { 
            $j=0; 
            while($edValor[$j]<>'/') 
            { 
                $j++; 
            } 
             
                $es="error";        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                             
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                if($j==1) 
                                { 
                                    if (($c=='0')||($c=='4')||($c=='8')) 
                                    { 
                                        $estado=6; 
                                    } 
                                    else //if (($c=='1')||($c=='3')||($c=='5')||($c=='7')||($c=='9'))  
                                    { 
                                        $estado=5; 
                                    } 
                                } 
                                elseif($j==2) 
                                { 
                                    if (($c=='0')||($c=='2')||($c=='4')||($c=='6')||($c=='8')) 
                                    { 
                                        $estado=3; 
                                    } 
                                    else //if (($c=='1')||($c=='3')||($c=='5')||($c=='7')||($c=='9'))  
                                    { 
                                        $estado=4; 
                                    } 
                                } 
                                else    //($j>2) 
                                { 
                                    $j--; 
                                    $estado=0; 
                                } 
 
                            }//fin if 
                             
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=35; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 1:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                if($j>2) 
                                { 
                                    $estado=0; 
                                } 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='2')||($c=='4')||($c=='6')||($c=='8')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=3; 
                            } 
                            elseif(($c=='1')||($c=='3')||($c=='5')||($c=='7')||($c=='9'))  
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 3:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='4')||($c=='8')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=6; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='3')||($c=='5')||($c=='7')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 4:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='2')||($c=='6')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=6; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 5:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=7; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 6:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=8; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 7:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=11; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='1') 
                            { 
                                $estado=12; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 8:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='1') 
                            { 
                                $estado=10; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 9:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='1')||($c=='3')||($c=='5')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=13; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=14; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='4')||($c=='6')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 10:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=13; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='1') 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 11:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='2') 
                            { 
                                $estado=16; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='3')||($c=='5')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=17; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='4')||($c=='6')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=18; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 12:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=17; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='1') 
                            { 
                                $estado=18; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 13:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=19; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 14:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=20; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 15:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=21; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 16:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=22; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 17:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=23; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 18:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='/') 
                            { 
                                $estado=24; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 19:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=25; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=36; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='3') 
                            { 
                                $estado=26; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 20:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=25; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=36; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 21:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=25; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=36; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='3') 
                            { 
                                $estado=27; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 22:     
                             
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=28; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='1') 
                            { 
                                $estado=29; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='2') 
                            { 
                                $estado=30; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 23:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=28; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=29; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='3') 
                            { 
                                $estado=31; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 24:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=28; 
                            } 
                            elseif (($c=='1')||($c=='2')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=29; 
                            } 
                            elseif ($c=='3') 
                            { 
                                $estado=32; 
                            } 
                            else 
                                $estado=35; 
                            break;  
   

[Jorgemen]

Parte 2

Código PHP:

  case 25:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')||($c=='6')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=33; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 26:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=33; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 27:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=33; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 28:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')||($c=='6')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=34; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 29:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')||($c=='6')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=34; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 30:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')||($c=='6')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=34; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 31:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=34; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 32:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=34; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 36:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')||($c=='6')||($c=='7')||($c=='8')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=33; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=35; 
                            break; 
                        case 33:     
                            if($delantero==$longitud) 
                            { 
                                $es="bisiesto"; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=35; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 34:     
                            if($delantero==$longitud) 
                            { 
                                $es="noBisiesto"; 
                                $salir=true; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=35; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 35:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarBisiesto()  
   

[Jorgemen]

Validar Código Universitario

Código PHP:

  function verificarCodigo($edValor) 
        { 
                $es=false;        // indica si es falso o verdadero 
                $salir=false;    // mientras sea falso verifica.... 
                $estado=0;  
                $delantero=0; 
                $longitud=strlen($edValor); 
                while(!$salir) 
                { 
                    switch($estado) 
                    { 
                        case 0:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='7')||($c=='8')||($c=='9')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=1; 
                            } 
                            elseif($c=='0') 
                            { 
                                $estado=9; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=15; 
                            break; 
                        case 9: 
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='0')||($c=='1')||($c=='2')||($c=='3')||($c=='4')||($c=='5')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=10; 
                            } 
                            else  
                                $estado=15; 
                            break; 
                        case 10:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=11; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 11:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=12; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                        case 12:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=13; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 13:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=14; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 14:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='a')||($c=='b')||($c=='c')||($c=='d')||($c=='e')||($c=='f')||($c=='g')||($c=='h')|| 
                                ($c=='i')||($c=='j')||($c=='k')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=16; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 16: 
                            if($longitud==$delantero) 
                            { 
                                if($this->letraCorrecta($edValor)) 
                                { 
                                    $es=true; 
                                    $salir=true; 
                                } 
                                else 
                                    $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                             
                            break; 
                        case 1:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=2; 
                            } 
                            else  
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 2:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=3; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 3:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=4; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                        case 4:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=5; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 5:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if ($this->esDigito($c)) 
                            { 
                                $estado=6; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 6:     
                            $c=$edValor[$delantero]; 
                            $delantero++; 
                            if (($c=='a')||($c=='b')||($c=='c')||($c=='d')||($c=='e')||($c=='f')||($c=='g')||($c=='h')|| 
                                ($c=='i')||($c=='j')||($c=='k')) 
                            { 
                                $estado=7; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            break; 
                        case 7:     
                            if($longitud==$delantero) 
                            { 
                                if($this->letraCorrecta($edValor)) 
                                { 
                                    $es=true; 
                                    $salir=true; 
                                } 
                                else 
                                    $estado=15; 
                            } 
                            else 
                            { 
                                $estado=15; 
                            } 
                             
                            break; 
                        case 15:     
                            $salir=true; 
                            break; 
                        default: 
                            echo "ocurrio un error!!"; 
                    }    // fin swhish 
                }     //fin while 
            return $es; 
        }//FIN verficarFraccion()  
   

[javier_enithost]

Hola,

Estoy 100% de acuerdo contigo. Muchas veces se desprecia el uso de automatas en soluciones, sobre todo los automatas finitos deterministas; otras veces los programadores lo utilizan sin tener idea de que eso exactamente lo que estan utilizando.

Los ejemplos que has puesto anteriormente quisas pudieran resolverse mediante otras vias, pero hay muchos casos en que es necesario el uso de automatas.

En la ingenieria de un software es necesario tener en cuenta suficiente flexibilidad en las soluciones para garantizar aplicar las soluciones que proponemos en la mayor cantidad de esenarios posibles.

Voy a poner un ejemplo basado en la contruccion de un CMS ( Content Management System ) de como se hace necesario la utilizacion de un automata "dinamico" para manejar el workflow de una noticia.

Cuando hablamos de noticia como entidad dentro del CMS notaremos que presenta un estado actual; este estado es realmente dinamico segun el contexto donde vayamos a utilizar el CMS, y asi mismo de dinamico es la variacion de este atributo estado de la noticia.

En el caso de una editorial digital que fuese a utilizar nuestro CMS pues la noticia debe pasar por una secuencia de estados ( muy especifica para esta editarial ) que permiten el correcto funcionamiento del sistema, especificamente los estados de la noticia serian ( inedita, aprobada, correjida, rechazada, publicada, archivada, etc.. ) para que, segun el esquema de trabajo de un periodico digital, la noticia deba ser creada, luego revisada por un corrector, luego aprobada por un jefe de redaccion, y publicada y despublicada por un publicador; cada rol lleva la noticia a un estado diferente como pueden seguramente comprobar.

Ahora, en el caso de la utilizacion del CMS por parte simple cliente que solo necesita publicar noticias en su sitio web el conjunto de estados de una noticia seria diferente, asi como los roles que interactuan en el cambio de estado de la misma. En este caso la noticia solamente necesitaria tener los estados de inedita, publicada, archivada porque no tenemos ni jefes de redaccion, ni publicadores especializados, ni correctores, entre otros.

Por lo tanto la definicion de los estados de las noticias, asi como las interacciones de los diferentes roles para diferentes dominios del problemas, estan sujetos a un dinamismo; y una solucion para esto es representar los estados y el cambio de estos mediante un automata finito determinista "dinamico" o especifico para cada caso ( uno para la agencia de prensa digital, y otro para el simple cliente ). De esta forma representamos el workflow que se necesita para cada caso.

Espero que con este ejemplo vean que es muy util la utilizacion de los automatas.

Saludos

[HerSAn]

Primero para jorgemen, seria conveniente que pusieras en las faqs las impmentaciones con auomatas que hiciste para que esten al alcanze de los demas y no se pierdan en este mensaje.

Segundo y como aportacion adicional a la excelente explicacion de javier_enithost en general los automatas y las maquinas de estado finitas son de interes en el desarrollo OO, ya que los objetos en su naturaleza tiene estados de acuerdo a ciertas condiciones, de tal modo que hasta en UML existen mediante los diagramas de actividades y los diagramas de estado, para modelar el comportamento interno de los objetos.

[Webstudio]

Estoy de acuerdo acuerdo con Herminio, no tanto con Jorgemen o Javier, ya que si bien la vida de un objeto puede compararse a una máquina de estados, el acercamiento de Jorgemen es neta y puramente procedural, aunque esté alojado en una función encapsulada. Y además, un autómata se utiliza para la resolución de caminos a través de estados, no para temas tan triviales como el status de una nota en un CMS. Esto es, para mi, un claro caso de sobreingeniería.

[javier_enithost]

Hola :

Bueno .. voy a centrar mi debate con webstudio y hersan principalmente; es fundamental que siempre intercambiemos opiniones.

Las referencias que hare son todas basadas en la teoria de POO y UML, pero basada sobre todo en las fundamentaciones de Grady Booch, uno de los padres de la ingenieria del software y de los grandes como se podria decir. Es uno de los duennos de la compannia Rational Software, seguro sabran de ella.

Primero que todo respeto las opiniones de ambos.
Por que no coincido que es redundancia hablar de clases/atributos + objetos/estados y maquinas de estados ???? Por que les aseguro que mi ejemplo NO es sobre-ingenieria ????

Una clase es una representacion abstracta que define la estructura y comportamiento BIEN DEFINIDOS que le son comunes a un grupo de objetos.
---- estoy basado en la definicion de clases -----

El estado de un objeto se define a partir de los valores que en un momento dado tiene el conjunto de los atributos que lo forman.

El paso de estado de un objeto depende fundamentalmente de su comportamiento BIEN DEFINIDO .... en el ejemplo que yo puse nuestro modelo de solucion es exactamente el mismo pero el dinamismo del cambio de estados rompe con el comportamiento bien definido que antes enfatize tanto.

El cambio de estados de un objeto puede estar representado por una maquina de estados, pero no siempre viceversa. ( si no cumple la def. de objetos/clases )

Insisto que el intercambio siempre es muy bueno, asi que espero por sus respuestas


Saludos